"The Scream" (Skrik, 1893) is a seminal series of expressionist paintings by Norwegian artist Edvard Munch, depicting an agonized figure against a blood red skyline. Anyone who has watched a fair amount of anime cannot help noticing how often the painting is parodied in visual jokes. Having given the subject some thought, it seems that either actively imitating the style of the painting, or at least going into some sort of superdeformed mode with hands on both cheeks are qualifications for being shown here. Anyway, some examples:
For more information and history, pls see wiki entry - The Scream
The original painting--actually, one of a series of similar ones:

In School Days: Magical Heart Kokoro-chan, Saionji Sekai screams because a huge rock has fallen down on her secret crush, Itou Makoto.

In Azumanga Daioh (TV), episode 6, Yukari-sensei is afraid of her class losing the relay race at the school festival (because she has bet money on the victory of her own class against her friend/rival teacher Minamo).

Lovely Complex, episode two: Koizumi Risa's response to Otani's comment that never having gone on a date isn't something to brag about.

Hayate no Gotoku!, episode 17: A painting stashed in the basement of the Sanzenin mansion. It is pretty clear which cast member posed for it.

Hayate no Gotoku!, episode 14: Unable to muster the courage to apologize for a practical joke gone terribly wrong, Katsura Yukiji realizes that her culpability is about to be exposed by another party.

Yamato Nadeshiko Shichi Henge, episode five: Sunako's idea of a good pose in which to be photographed (a number of other famous artworks were parodied also).

In NHK ni Youkoso!, episodes 21/22 (cliffhanger), Tatsuhito fantasizes on his senpai trying to seduce him all of a sudden (even though she knows he's unable to deal with people).

In Inukami, episode eight, Keita is horrified when he realises that in two hours a disaster will befall the city--a disaster involving muscular gay men and the strange outfits they wear.

G-on Riders, episode seven: After winning nothing more than 204 paper handkerchiefs in a lottery, Sela reacts to Yuki's winning a trip to the beach on her very first try.

Busou Renkin, episode 10: Just when he's on the verge of defeating his final opponent in a lengthy and challenging video game, Okakura reacts to the channel being changed.

Magikano: The eldest sister, Yoshikawa Maika is caught in a ‘scream’ in episode 3 when she finds out that her beloved brother has been turned into a muscle-beast by Mamiya Ayumi.

Magikano, episode nine: Yuri-sama is mortified to see the witch Ayumi using genuine magic as a special effect during a culture festival stageplay.

PaniPoni Dash!, episode 23: Himeko is in anguish when Rei chooses to wear an outfit which hides her "adorable"-ness.

To Love-Ru, episode six, "The Alien Assasin": Here is Yuuki's reaction when Haruna-chan's "white chest" is exposed by the menacing alien Ghi Bree.

Nodame Cantabile, Episode 17: One of Chiaki’s nameless fellow students is horrified to learn that no less than 1600 tickets must be sold for an upcoming concert by their heretofore unknown orchestra.

Angel Heart, episode 45: Ryo Saeba is horrified by an interrogation technique used by his comrade Yang Fanyui to extract information from a prisoner—-a technique which employs a threat which especially strikes home to a “Mokkori Man” like him.

Honey & Clover Chapter L: Mayama, Morita and especially Takemoto are painfully dismayed to learn that their godsend senpai Ro-Maiya will be leaving school for awhile. What will they eat now?

Excel Saga, episode two: One minute he's a human torch, the next immigrant worker Pedro finds himself in bed with "The Great Will of the Macrocosm". Can you blame him for his anguish?

Keroro Gunsou: I haven't seen this particular episode, but one of the Frog-Aliens is clearly in an anguished mood.

Zoku Sayonara Zetsubou Sensei, episode 11: Each time a new body is discovered during Inspector Despair's investigation of a series of murders, a girl screams in a similar manner. Surely it is no coincidence that the girls' late benefactor was an artist known locally as "Mr. Scream".

Cosplay Complex, episode one: Maria, a member of the East Oizuki Academy cosplay club, realizes that the club's new member, Jenny Matel, has impure desires regarding her little sister, Athena.

Some surprisingly rare and valuable artwork turns up in a shabby tavern in World Destruction--if you can call these beast-morphized parodies "valuable", that is.

(Note also "Liberty Leading the People" by Delacroix).
Skip Beat!, episode two: LME Industries manager Sawara-san realizes he's about to be humiliated by the audition of Kyoko, a talentless girl who he allowed to take part solely because of her merciless hounding of him.

Skip Beat!, episode nine: actress hopeful Kyoko Mogami reacts to being challenged to perform a difficult role when she has virtually no acting experience to her name.

Rosario + Vampire Capu2, episode 12: Ageha Kurono (Kurumu's mother) is shocked by the claim that her daughter's boyfriend, Tsukune, is engaged to marry another girl.

Zettai Karen Children, Episode 40: Shuji Sakaki's attempt to be a psychic Peeping Tom and get a look at the "Great Fleet" goes horribly wrong.

Maria+Holic, episode one: Kanako Miyamae is a bit disconcerted when the beautiful Mariya Shido turns out to be something other than what her first impressions had suggested.

Macademi Wasshoi!, episode four: Hazuki Kirishima is terrified by the look that comes over his sister Futaba's face when she realizes that she may have not one, but two rivals for the affection of Takuto Hasegawa.

To Love-Ru OVA, episode one: "Riko" is in a bit of a tizzy after a little gender swapping puts her/him in an embarassing situation relative to some female classmates.

The realization that she has been paired with the single guy she most hates to serve as class cheerleaders summons a hearty scream from Kei Enomoto of First Love Limited.

Nue's scandalous choice of undergarmets provokes both Mashiro Mito and Yumina Takanashi to scream in episode four of Tayutama: Kiss on my Deity.

A bit of relaxing artwork in the coffee shop of Natsu no Arashi! (episode five).
